Troubles sexuels
The DSM-IV ((en) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual – Revision 4) is a classification manual of mental disorders (DSM) which has been designed in different versions by teams of American Psychiatric Association (APA) . The fourth version replaces the one that was led by Dr. Robert Spitzer, the DSM-III, which had marked a turning point in psychiatry, first in the USA and Europe where it has also gradually become not without bitter discussions. The bias was Spitzer’s attempt to adopt a position ‘a-theoretical’, ie outside the mainstream of psychiatry (psychodynamic, behavioral, organismic). For some DSM-IV has succeeded and for others it is the obvious failure. Note also that the DSM-IV also took the party to adopt the neutrality of the etiologies of disorders that are all so far from unanimous. Originally intended for research, the book has become more and more as a unique clinical reference.
This approach is hotly contested by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists reasoned followers of psychopathology.For others, she realizes what psychiatry throughout its history had never been successful, a unified diagnostic criteria. The DSM-IV is about to be replaced by a next version, DSM-V which is about to be published.
Complementary
Ginseng (Panax ginseng). Many medicinal preparations from traditional Chinese medicine for treating various sexual dysfunctions contain ginseng. The authors of a synthesis of studies (7 total) conclude that the red ginseng may be useful in cases of erectile dysfunction, but the lack of evidence solidité2. The plant would act on both the central nervous system and gonadal tissues (in a similar way to Viagra ®). DosageConsulter our form Ginseng.
Arginine. Low levels of nitric oxide in the body – made from arginine – affects blood flow is necessary for erection.Some studies have been conducted to determine whether arginine can contribute to dysfunction érectile3-7. The totality of the evidence remains uncertain. Some tests did not include a placebo group. Other evaluated a mixture of substances including arginine. Visit our page to read the detail Arginine research.
DHEA. DHEA, or dehydroepiandrosterone, is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands just before puberty. Its production peaked in the twenties, then declines gradually. It is used especially for the production of testosterone. Some clinical trials have been conducted with men suffering from erectile dysfunction, but the results are contradictoires8-11. Note. There are no dietary source of DHEA. The belief that diosgenin (found mainly in wild yam, but also in other plants, including soybean, clover, and parsley) or a precursor of DHEA is unfounded.
Hypnotherapy. The results of 2Clinical trials in Turkey indicate that hypnotherapy may help some men treat their sexual dysfunction. Conducted with 79 men suffering from erectile dysfunction of unknown cause, a first study compared the effect of testosterone injections or tradozone (an antidepressant) with hypnosis. The second appearance of acupuncture and hypnosis. Only hypnosis has shown a significant efficacy, although acupuncture has also yielded results positifs12.13.
From time immemorial, have been assigned to certain plants with tonic or aphrodisiac effect of increasing sexual performance for men. For most of these plants, no clinical trials with positive results has been conducted. Sometimes preliminary tests seem to confirm that traditional knowledge was based, but overall, the alleged effects of these preparations are based on little scientific data. Here is a list, necessarily incomplete, the main plants that are found in various commercial preparations to stimulate sexual ardor.Consult the appropriate schedules of our Natural Health Products section to learn more about these plants.
Butea superba. In Thailand, there is a traditional preparation of herbal who enjoys great popularity with men to stimulate sexual vigor. The tuber of Butea superba is a key ingredient. However, it is unclear whether the preparations sold in the West contain an effective dosage of the plant. A preliminary trial conducted in Thailand from 39 subjects allowed to observe an improvement in function érectile14.
Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis). In China, this fungus is known to promote sexual stamina, both in women than in men. Some studies double-blind placebo conducted in China suggest that cordyceps, at 3 g per day, can stimulate sexual function déficiente15.
Damiana (Turnera diffusa, Turnera formerly aphrodisiaca). The leaves of this small shrub native to Mexico, South America and the Caribbean used to prepare a drink aphrodisiac among the natives of Mexico.One non-placebo trial conducted among 25 men with mild erectile dysfunction has tested the effectiveness of a preparation (ArginMax ®) containing ginseng, ginkgo, damiana to, arginine and multivitamins and minéraux16. Benefits have been reported.
Epimedium (Epimedium grandiflora). The aerial parts of this herbaceous plant native to Japan are known in traditional Chinese medicine known as Yin Yang Huo. They attributed the virtues for the treatment of sexual dysfunction, both female and male. No human study has been conducted to confirm or disprove these effects of épimède17.
Maca (Lepidium meyenii). This perennial vegetable related to radishes and cress, which grows only in certain Andean highlands, enjoys a solid reputation as an aphrodisiac in traditional medicine in Peru. Some clinical trials have been conducted with extracts of maca, but they all have methodological flaws or limitations importantes18-21.
Maniguette (Aframomum melegueta).The bay of this shrub native to equatorial Africa, also called grains of paradise, has a solid reputation as a stimulant. In Africa it is regarded as an aphrodisiac. The maniguette belongs to the botanical family of ginger and is more aromatic and stronger than pepper. It enters into the composition including the famous Pastis de Provence.
Muira puama (Liriossma ovata). The natives of the Amazon has always treat impotence and frigidity of the bark and roots of Muira puama. It is also used as nerve tonic. The validity of this use has never been confirmed by clinical trials whose results were published in a scientific journal. Muira puama is one of the ingredients of a traditional tonic called Brazilian cuatama.
Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens). In India, we often use velvet bean mixed with other herbs to treat erectile dysfunction. In Central America, are made with roasted beans, a coffee substitute called Nescafe. In2002, U.S. authorities issued a patent for the use of a preparation containing mucuna and Tribulus (Tribulus terrestris) as stimulating production of growth hormone by the body, thus opening the door to any a range of products designed to ‘prolong youth and to increase sexual vigor.’ 22
Rhodiola. In Siberia, Rhodiola is considered an adaptogen, like ginseng. Thus, it would improve the adaptability of the organism to stress. They had the power to increase physical endurance, longevity, sexual vigor, memory and cognition. A single trial without placebo was conducted in Russia with 35 men suffering from erectile dysfunction, with results positifs23.
Tribulus terrestris. Tribulus extract appears in the ingredient list of many products sold to improve sexual performance. The fruits of tribulus are part of Ayurveda (India) and Asian Traditional Medicine (China, Japan, Korea, etc..), Primarily to treat infertility and sexual dysfunction among both men and women. However, studies so far have not yielded convincing results in this chapter.
Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe). Before the advent of sildenafil (Viagra ®) on the market, yohimbine hydrochloride (standardized extract of yohimbe bark) that is prescribed to men with erectile dysfunction (some doctors prescribe it yet). Yohimbine, an active ingredient of yohimbe, appears to both increase the blood flow to the genitals and stimulate the nerves that supply the genital tissues. In Central Africa and West Africa, yohimbe bark (different from the standardized extract) was recognized as an aphrodisiac, according to local traditions.
Acupuncture. Acupuncture may be useful for treating erectile dysfunction, according to experts at the Mayo Clinic in the U.S. Unis24.
Psychotherapeutic approaches.Although there is no scientific study to support their efficacy in specific sexual dysfunctions, certain types of psychotherapy can help people have better sex. Several approaches are described in Section therapies. You can read the following records: Abandonment body bioenergetic analysis (bioenergy), Art Therapy, Focusing, Gestalt, Postural Integration, neurolinguistic programming, and Rebirth. They can provide tools to improve attitudes about sex, to readjust expectations (perhaps unrealistic), to review the behaviors learned in order to progress towards better sexual satisfaction. Also consult Psychotherapy.
The choice of a psychotherapeutic approach over another depends on personal considerations. For details on the various classes of psychotherapy and what can motivate a choice, see our record Psychotherapy.
The erectile dysfunction do not affect everyone equally.
The situation is highly subjective.For 66% of men who sometimes have difficulty with erection and 40.8% of those who often, this poses a problem nor they nor their partner *. For some men they lead to a loss of confidence self and a devaluation in a vicious cycle that exacerbates the problem. The (or) partner may in turn feel a sense of frustration, fear of being wrong or less desirable … So many reasons to relational tensions! Some couples eventually avoid sex for fear of failure pénien.Dans all cases we must never forget that erectile dysfunction lasting can be the first sign of an unknown disease, such as hypertension or diabetes.
NOTE: The erectile dysfunction does not necessarily render infertile, or unable to orgasm or ejaculate (by masturbation or during sex).
Bibliography
See the special section Sexual Dysfunction
What are the causes of penile erectile dysfunction?
The penis is a hollow organ (cavernosa) that must be filled with blood to reach the turgor sufficient to erect and rigid.
Once the penis filled with blood, vascular locks help maintain the pressure, but they still open after orgasm and ejaculation of semen. The opening and closing of this pipe is under the control of nerves in the autonomic nervous system (brain and spinal cord), with voluntary participation, which varies according to the training of man.
Vascular risk factors (hypertension, cholesterol, tobacco, alcohol, obesity, physical inactivity) thus affect the penile blood engorgement within variable among individuals.
Neurological disorders (paraplegia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis) and certain surgical procedures for prostate or bladder can affect the nervous control of blood filling. And a deficit in testosterone and certain treatments (neuroleptics, radiotherapy …).
Of course, all situations disturbing emotional state can interfere with sexual impulse nervous at all stages of its development: psychological causes (anxiety, stress, anxiety about sexual performance, depression, grief …) or interpersonal (marital conflict , negative attitude of the partner …). But the distinction between mind and body is artificial, very often the two disorders are related: organic and psychological factors entangled.
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